An urgent call to address work-related psychosocial hazards and improve worker well-being.

Work-related psychosocial hazards are on the verge of surpassing many other occupational hazards in their contribution to ill-health, injury, disability, direct and indirect costs, and impact on business and national productivity. The risks associated with exposure to psychosocial hazards at work are compounded by the increasing background prevalence of mental health disorders in the working-age population. The extensive and cumulative impacts of these exposures represent an alarming public health problem that merits immediate, increased attention. In this paper, we review the linkage between work-related psychosocial hazards and adverse effects, their economic burden, and interventions to prevent and control these hazards. We identify six crucial societal actions: (1) increase awareness of this critical issue through a comprehensive public campaign; (2) increase etiologic, intervention, and implementation research; (3) initiate or augment surveillance efforts; (4) increase translation of research findings into guidance for employers and workers; (5) increase the number and diversity of professionals skilled in preventing and addressing psychosocial hazards; and (6) develop a national regulatory or consensus standard to prevent and control work-related psychosocial hazards.

Study protocol for the development, trial, and evaluation of a strategy for the implementation of qualification-oriented work organization in nursing homes.

BACKGROUND: Staffing ratios in nursing homes vary among the federal states of Germany, but there are no rational grounds for these variations. In a previous study, a new instrument for the standardized calculation of staffing requirements in nursing homes was developed (Algorithm 1.0). The development was based on a new empirical data collection method that derives actual and target values for the time and number of care interventions provided. Algorithm 1.0 found an increased requirement of 36% of staff in German nursing homes. Based on these results, the German legislature has commissioned a model program to trial and evaluate a complex intervention comprising increased staffing combined with strategies for organizational development. METHODS: The mixed-methods study consists of (i) developing a concept for restructuring the work organization, (ii) the application of this concept combined with increased staffing in 10 nursing homes (complex intervention), and the further development of the concept using a participatory and iterative formal evaluation process. The intervention consists of (a) quantitative measures of increased staffing based on a calculation using Algorithm 1.0 and (b) qualitative measures regarding organizational development. The intervention will be conducted over one year. The effects of the intervention on job satisfaction and quality of care will be evaluated in (iii) a comprehensive prospective, controlled summative evaluation. The results will be compared with ten matched nursing homes as a control group. Finally, (iv) prototypical concepts for qualification-oriented work organization, a strategy for the national rollout, and the further development of Algorithm 1.0 into Algorithm 2.0 will be derived. DISCUSSION: In Germany, there is an ongoing dynamic legislation process regarding further developing the long-term care sector. The study, which is the subject of the study protocol presented here, generates an evidence-based strategy for the staffing requirements for nursing homes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the German Association of Nursing Science (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pflegewissenschaft) on 02.08.2023 (amended on 20.09.2023). Research findings are disseminated through presentations at national and international conferences and publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: German Clinical Trails Register DRKS00031773 (Date of registration 09.11.2023).

Struggling in the dehumanized world of COVID-An exploratory mixed-methods study of frontline healthcare workers' experiences.

AIM: To explore healthcare workers' experiences of the changed caring reality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden. DESIGN: An online fully mixed-methods design. METHODS: A web-based self-reported questionnaire with fixed and open-ended answers collected data from March to April 2021, analysed in three steps. First, free-text questions were analysed by qualitative content analysis. Then quantitative linear regression analyses using models covering stress and coping mechanisms were conducted. Finally, a meta-inference of qualitative and quantitative data emerged a new comprehensive understanding. The COREQ guidelines were used for reporting. RESULTS: Meta-inferenced results of quantitative and qualitative findings show the pandemic was a traumatic experience for healthcare workers. Main theme; When work became a frightening experience in a dehumanized reality, comprised four themes: Entering unprepared into a frightful, incomprehensible world; Sacrificing moral values and harbouring dilemmas in isolation; Lack of clear management; and Reorient in togetherness and find meaning in a changed reality. Qualitative results comprised four categories; Working in a dehumanized world; Living in betrayal of ones' own conscience; Lack of structure in a chaotic time and Regaining vitality together. Subdimensions comprehensibility and meaningfulness were associated significantly with post-traumatic stress disorder in multiple regression analysis. In multiple regression analysis, sense of coherence was the most prominent coping strategy. CONCLUSIONS: Forcing oneself to perform beyond one's limit, sacrificing moral values and lacking management was a traumatic experience to healthcare workers during the pandemic. Reorienting as a way of coping was possible in togetherness with colleagues. There is an urgency of interventions to meet the needs among healthcare workers who took on a frontline role during the COVID-19 pandemic and to prevent mental health illness in future crisis. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution. SUMMARY: The pandemic outbreak exposed frontline healthcare workers to unparallelled stress shown as negative for their mental health in several meta-analyses and systematic reviews. In-depth understanding on experiences and how symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder relate to coping mechanisms have been scarcely explored. This study contributes to understanding on healthcare workers' experiences and the relation between lower sense of coherence and increased risk of developing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE/POLICY: This study might guide how to prepare for resilience in future emergencies.

Supporting Return to Work after Breast Cancer: A Mixed Method Study.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common invasive cancer in the world. Most BC survivors (BCSs) continue working while dealing with cancer-related disabilities. BCSs' return-to-work (RTW) after cancer treatment is an important stage of their recovery and is associated with a higher survival rate. In this study, we addressed the RTW of BCSs with the intention of facilitating this process through direct action in the workplace. Thirty-two women who requested assistance from January to December 2022 were enrolled in the study. Semi-structured interviews and medical examinations were conducted by a team of three physicians. Interviews were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Moreover, a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted to compare the health status of BCSs with that of a control group of 160 working women, using standardized questionnaires on work ability, fatigue, sleep problems, anxiety, depression, and happiness. BCSs were also asked to rate the level of organizational justice they perceived at work prior to their illness. From the qualitative analysis emerged three facilitating/hindering themes: (1) person-related factors, (2) company-related factors, and (3) society-related factors. In the quantitative analysis, BCSs had significantly higher scores for anxiety, depression, sleep problems and fatigue, and lower levels of happiness than controls. The RTW of BCSs entails adapting working conditions and providing adequate support. The work-related analysis of each case made it possible to highlight the measures that need to be taken in the workplace to promote RTW. The treatment of cancer should be paired with advice on the best way to regain the ability to work.

An Agenda for Advancing Research and Prevention at the Nexus of Work Organization, Occupational Stress, and Mental Health and Well-Being.

Work characteristics and worker well-being are inextricably connected. In particular, the characteristics of work organization shape and perpetuate occupational stress, which contributes to worker mental health and well-being outcomes. Consequently, the importance of understanding and addressing connections between work organization, occupational stress, and mental health and well-being-the focus of this Special Issue-increasingly demand attention from those affected by these issues. Thus, focusing on these issues in the long-haul truck driver (LHTD) sector as an illustrative example, the purpose of this commentary is as follows: (1) to outline current research approaches and the extant knowledge base regarding the connections between work organization, occupational stress, and mental health; (2) to provide an overview of current intervention strategies and public policy solutions associated with the current knowledge base to protect and promote worker mental health and well-being; and (3) to propose a two-pronged agenda for advancing research and prevention for workers during the 21st century. It is anticipated that this commentary, and this Special Issue more broadly, will both echo numerous other calls for building knowledge and engaging in this area and motivate further research within complementary current and novel research frameworks.

Effects of Time Pressure, Reward, and Information Involvement on User Management of Fake News on a Social Media Platform.

This study examined the effects of time pressure, reward, and information involvement on individual fact-checking behavior within a social media platform. We used a four-factor mixed-design experiment to examine fact-checking performances of 144 participants for 36 ambiguous social platform statements, all of which were news statements of social events or of common-sense knowledge collected from the internet and selected through pre-test screening. We measured the participants' total number of fact-checked statements and their judgment accuracy of those statements. We also measured participants' decision time for making judgments, and their judgment confidence levels. Participants' social presence, time pressure, and information involvement were significantly related to the number of statements they fact-checked. Their perceived social presence on a social media platform reduced their fact-checking. Time pressure increased the frequency of fact-checking and weakened the impact of social presence. Participants were less likely to fact-check statements when they had high involvement with the information, due to overconfidence. Statements with high information involvement had longer decision-making times. These findings provide a basis for designing ways to display and push information to increase an individual's awareness of a need to fact-check ambiguous information in a new social media environment.

Low Back Pain and Upper-Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders in French Postal Workers Driving Light-Duty Vehicles for Mail and Parcel Delivery.

Occupational driving of light-duty vehicles (LDVs) became increasingly important in parcel delivery faced with the explosive growth of e-commerce. Since musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent the most reported driving-related health problem, we aimed to analyze the risk of low back pain (LBP) and upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs) associated with driving LDVs for parcel delivery. In 306 postal workers exposed to driving and 100 unexposed workers, information on occupational driving, physical/psychosocial constraints, and work organization were collected via a questionnaire. MSDs were assessed using the Nordic Questionnaire, 14 additional questions regarding LBP, and a standardized clinical examination for UEMSDs. Statistical modeling consisted of multivariable logistic regression for UEMSDs and the item response theory approach for LBP. UEMSDs were associated with the distance of rural rounds and inversely associated with urban/mixed delivery rounds. Handling heavy loads was associated with LBP, and high physical demands during delivery rounds were related to MSDs. Karasek dimensions and mobbing actions were associated with MSDs. Work recognition, driving training, using an automatic gearbox, and the utilization of additional staff during peak periods were inversely associated with MSDs. Our results suggest that the distance driven in rural settings and high physical demands were associated with MSDs, while some organizational factors could protect from MSDs.

Primary and Community Care Transformation in Post-COVID Era: Nationwide General Practitioner Survey.

Introduction: The health emergency caused by COVID-19 has led to substantial changes in the usual working system of primary healthcare centers and in relations with users. The Catalan Society of Family and Community Medicine designed a survey that aimed to collect the opinions and facilitate the participation of its partners on what the future work model of general practitioners (GPs) should look like post-COVID-19. Methodology: Online survey of Family and Community Medicine members consisting of filiation data, 22 Likert-type multiple-choice questions grouped in five thematic axes, and a free text question. Results: The number of respondents to the questionnaire was 1051 (22.6% of all members): 83.2% said they spent excessive time on bureaucratic tasks; 91.8% were against call center systems; 66% believed that home care is the responsibility of every family doctor; 77.5% supported continuity of care as a fundamental value of patient-centered care; and >90% defended the contracting of complementary tests and first hospital visits from primary healthcare (PHC). Conclusions: The survey responses describe a strong consensus on the identity and competencies of the GP and on the needs of and the threats to the PHC system. The demand for an increase in health resources, greater professional leadership, elimination of bureaucracy, an increase in the number of health professionals, and greater management autonomy, are the axes towards which a new era in PHC should be directed.

Evaluation of the effect of a Nursing System Framework on Nurse Sensitive Indicators, mortality and readmission in an NHS Trust.

In 2018, an NHS Trust (UK) implemented an innovative Nursing System Framework (NSF). The NSF formalized a two-year strategy, which provided teams with clear aims and measurable objectives to deliver care. Failures of coordination of nursing services are well-recognized threats to the quality, safety and sustainability of care provision. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of introducing a NSF in an NHS Trust, using nursing sensitive indicators and pre-selected mortality, data outcome measures. DESIGN: A before and after implementation, observational study. METHODS: 105,437 admissions were extracted at an admission record level. Data was extracted from 1st September 2018 through to the 31st August 2019. RESULTS: Using SQUIRE guidelines to report the study, insufficient evidence was found to reject a null hypothesis with a chi-squared test of association between in-hospital death and the NSF intervention period, with a p-value of .091. However, trends were seen in the data, which suggested a positive association. CONCLUSION: The NSF is a complex intervention, which provides direction for improvements but requires further research to understand the benefits for nurses, Midwives, Health Visitors and patients.

Quality of Work Life: Comparative Analysis Between two Public Workers Groups / Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho: Análise Comparativa Entre dois Grupos de Servidores Públicos

ABSTRACT The general objective of the study was to compare the analysis of the perception of Quality of Work Life of workers from two federal entities in the infrastructure area based on the Activity-centered Ergonomics Applied to QWL. A total of 3.136 workers participated in this research. As an instrument it was used an electronic version of the QWL Valuating Inventory. The result presents no significant differences in perception of the two groups of works in relation to the quality of life at work. The element work organization was the worst evaluated indicating alertness and risk of illness. The research indicates issues that deserve attention during the elaboration of QWL Policy and Program in the evaluated organizations.

RESUMO O objetivo geral do estudo foi comparar a percepção da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho de trabalhadores de dois órgãos públicos da área de infraestrutura com base na Ergonomia da Atividade Aplicada à QVT. Participaram desta pesquisa 3.136 trabalhadores. Como instrumento foi utilizada uma versão eletrônica do Inventário de Avaliação de QVT. O resultado que não há diferenças significativas na percepção dos dois grupos em relação à qualidade de vida no trabalho. O elemento organização do trabalho foi o pior avaliado indicando alerta e risco de adoecimento. A pesquisa aponta questões que merecem atenção durante a elaboração da Política e Programa de QVT nas organizações avaliadas.

Prevalence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among workers in chemical pharmaceutical industry / 环境与职业医学

Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are one of the major occupational health problems in the world. Pharmaceutical industry is an important part of China's national economy. At present, there are few related studies reported at home and abroad. Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of WMSDs in chemical pharmaceutical industry. Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted among all workers from three chemical pharmaceutical enterprises in Guangzhou. The Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic characteristics, symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders, types of work, work organization, and and work postures. Multiple logistic regression method was used to analyze the risk factors of WMSDs in chemical pharmaceutical workers. Results In this study, 563 workers were selected as subjects. The total prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in the chemical pharmaceutical workers was 43.9% (247/563), and the leading body part-specific prevalence rate from high to low was 34.3% in the lower back, 24.3% in the upper back, 24.0% in the shoulders, and 23.8% in the neck. The prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in multiple body parts (30.0%) was 2.16 times higher than that in single body part (13.9%), and the prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in four body parts was the highest (11.4%). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥50 years (reference age <30 years) (OR=2.140, 95%CI: 1.054-4.345), often or very often (reference never/rarely) long-time head rotating (OR=2.695, 95%CI: 1.753-4.142) and long-time keeping arms above shoulders (OR=1.902, 95%CI: 1.108-3.265) increased the risk of reporting WMSDs symptoms (P<0.05). Regarding education level, workers with high school and technical secondary school (OR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.175-0.636) or college and above (OR=0.413, 95%CI: 0.216-0.790) education had a lower risk of reporting WMSDs symptoms than those with middle school or below (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of reporting WMSDs symptoms in chemical pharmaceutical industry is high, the involving body parts are lower back, upper back, shoulders, and neck, and reporting simultaneous occurrence of WMSDs symptoms in multiple body parts is common. The chemical pharmaceutical manufacturers can reduce the risk of WMSDs by strengthening the training on workers' ergonomics knowledge, paying attention to the less educated personnel, protecting the elderly workers, and avoiding awkward work postures, like rotating head for a long time and raising arms over shoulders.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders and their influencing factors among workers in a furniture factory / 环境与职业医学

Background Furniture manufacturing is one of the typical labor-intensive industries, and workers in this industry face a high risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), which seriously affect the physical and mental health of workers. Objective To explore the prevalence and potential risk factors of WMSDs among workers in a large-scale furniture manufacturing factory. Methods A cross-sectional study of 3431 workers in a furniture factory in Guangdong Province was conducted from September to December 2019. Information including reported WMSDs in various body parts in the past year, demographic characteristics, work organization factors, job characteristics, and work postures was collected by an electronic version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire. Pearson χ2 test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors leading to WMSDs. Results The overall prevalence rate of WMSDs was 32.12% (1102/3431). The most common WMSDs symptoms occurred in the neck (16.85%), followed by the feet (15.27%), shoulders (14.81%), and hands (14.25%). The prevalence rates of WMSDs in the neck, shoulders, elbows, hands, legs, and feet were significantly different among different types of work (P<0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that individual factors, work organization factors, job characteristics, and awkward work postures were associated with the frequency of reporting WMSDs in specific parts of workers. Comparatively poor physical health (including moderate, poor, and very poor) was positively correlated with neck, shoulder, hand, and foot WMSDs (OR=1.479-4.077); working with an uncomfortable posture (OR=1.983) and doing the same task almost every day (OR=1.783) were positively correlated with neck pain; doing the same task almost every day (OR=2.408) and neck twisting for a long time (OR=1.830) were positively correlated with shoulder pain; bending wrists up and down frequently (OR=1.948) and bending wrists for a long time (OR=2.081) were positively correlated with hand pain; prolonged standing (OR=1.953) and often working overtime (OR=1.627) were positively correlated with feet pain; sufficient rest time was negatively correlated with WMSDs in the neck, shoulders, hands, and foot (OR=0.544-0.717). Conclusion The prevalence rate of WMSDs in furniture manufacturing workers is relatively high, and neck, feet, shoulders, and hands are the most involved body parts. The frequency of reporting WMSDs is related to individual factors, work organization factors, job characteristics, and awkward work postures.

Unchosen nursing mobility discussed from the perspective of the junior health care manager's managerial activities / La mobilité soignante non choisie discutée depuis l'activité managériale du cadre de santé débutant

Introduction: At the beginning of 2020, a state of health emergency was declared in France following the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Context: Entrepreneurial management of health institutions requires internal nursing mobility to compensate for unexpected absenteeism.Reference framework: Based on the clinic of activity, the aim of this study was to analyze the reality of early-career health managers' work in order to understand how, in a constrained environment, they are able to manage this mobility when not chosen by the substitute caregiver. Method: An indirect qualitative method­"instructions to the double"­combined two successive co-analysis sessions with four junior health managers: an individual session with the researcher and a collective session with the peers who participated in the study. Results: Data triangulation revealed three axes: the issues at stake for these managers; their compromises made to transform compulsory nursing mobility into voluntary mobility; the development of their power to act. Discussion: These results raise various issues related to the psychological and social resources of the occupational health of junior health managers as well as to the organization of work.

Contexte: Le pilotage entrepreneurial des établissements sanitaires impose la mobilité soignante intersectorielle pour pallier un absentéisme inopiné. Cadre de référence: À partir de la clinique de l'activité, le but de cette étude était d'analyser le réel de l'activité des cadres de santé en début de carrière afin de comprendre comment, dans un milieu contraint, ils s'y prennent pour gérer cette mobilité lorsqu'elle est non choisie par le soignant remplaçant. Méthode: Une méthode qualitative indirecte d'instruction au sosie a combiné deux temps successifs de coanalyse avec quatre cadres de santé débutants : un temps individuel avec le chercheur et un temps collectif avec les pairs ayant participé à l'étude. Résultats: La triangulation des données a fait ressortir trois axes : les valeurs en tension de ces cadres ; leurs compromis pour transformer la mobilité soignante imposée en mobilité volontaire ; le développement de leur pouvoir d'agir. Discussion: Ces résultats soulèvent différents enjeux liés aux ressources psychologiques et sociales de la santé au travail de cadres de santé débutants ainsi qu'à l'organisation du travail.

Delegation and consultation on operational and tactical issues: Any difference in their potentialities for a healthier psychosocial work environment?

BACKGROUND: Despite the growing number of studies on direct participation labor-management practices, little is known about the role of their different discretionary degrees (delegation or consultation) and topics in their relationship with the psychosocial work environment by occupational groups. METHODS: Cross-sectional study on the relationship between direct participation and work-related psychosocial risks (using COPSOQ-ISTAS21 v3) on a representative sample of the salaried and wage-earning employees in Spain (n = 1807). Prevalence ratios were calculated using adjusted Poisson regression models, controlling for 10 other labor-management practices, sex, and age, and stratified by occupational group. RESULTS: The use of direct participation was either associated consistently with a healthier psychosocial work environment (mostly in manual occupations, which presented twice as many positive associations as nonmanual occupations, and of greater strength, mostly in the control and social support dimensions) or there were no significant associations (mostly among nonmanual occupations and in relation to work pace). More frequent and stronger associations were observed when consultation and delegation were used in combination. If used separately, consultation achieved better results among manual occupations and delegation among nonmanual occupations. Direct participation topics were not important for results in manual occupations whereas results were better on tactical (vs. operational) issues in nonmanual occupations. CONCLUSIONS: Direct participation does not change power structure, but it may be a useful intervention at the company level to reduce work-related psychosocial exposures and associated diseases among workers in manual occupations, and consequently for decreasing occupational exposures and health inequalities.

Organizational Justice and Health: A Survey in Hospital Workers.

In complex systems such as hospitals, work organization can influence the level of occupational stress and, consequently, the physical and mental health of workers. Hospital healthcare workers were asked to complete a questionnaire during their regular occupational health examination, in order to assess the perceived level of organizational justice, and to verify whether it was associated with occupational stress, mental health, and absenteeism. The questionnaire included the Colquitt Organizational Justice (OJ) Scale, the Karasek/Theorell demand-control-support (DCS) questionnaire for occupational stress, and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12) for mental health. Workers were also required to indicate whether they had been absent because of back pain in the past year. Organizational justice was a significant predictor of occupational stress. Stress was a mediator in the relationship between justice and mental health. Occupational stress was more closely related to perceptions of lack of distributive justice than to perceptions of procedural, informational, and interpersonal justice. Physicians perceived significantly less distributive justice than other workers. In adjusted univariate logistic regression models, the perceptions of organizational justice were associated with a significant reduction in the risk of sick leave for back pain (OR 0.96; CI95% 0.94−0.99; p < 0.001), whereas occupational stress was associated with an increased risk of sick leave (OR 6.73; CI95% 2.02−22.40; p < 0.002). Work organization is a strong predictor of occupational stress and of mental and physical health among hospital employees.

Fatores Psicossociais no Trabalho em Psicologia no Brasil / Psychosocial factors of Psychology work in Brazil / Factores Psicosociales del Trabajo en Psicología en Brasil

A pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar fatores psicossociais presentes no trabalho em Psicologia no Brasil, no âmbito geral e nas diferentes áreas de atuação, por meio de estudo exploratório-descritivo, de corte transversal, com amostra probabilística, estratificada e proporcional. Foram validados e analisados protocolos de 1.659 respondentes do COPSOQ II (versão curta) e do Questionário Sociodemográfico Ocupacional. Os principais Fatores de Risco encontrados foram exigências quantitativas, estresse, Burnout e conflito trabalho/família; e os principais fatores de proteção foram possibilidades de desenvolvimento na carreira e significado do trabalho. Houve correlações significativas entre fatores psicossociais, sexo dos participantes e realização de outras atividades além da Psicologia. Destacaram-se diferenças nos resultados de psicólogas/os clínicos, sociais e da saúde frente à amostra geral da profissão. Compreender as relações trabalho-trabalhador apresenta os desafios de utilizar os fatores psicossociais como mediadores protetivos e possíveis diretrizes para a construção de ambientes de trabalho saudáveis para psicólogas e psicólogos no Brasil.

This research aimed to investigate psychosocial factors present in the work of Brazilian psychologists, in general and in different areas of expertise, by means of an exploratory-descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a probabilistic, stratified, and proportional sample. The protocols of 1,659 participants were validated and analyzed using the COPSOQ II (short version), and a Sociodemographic Occupational Questionnaire. The main risk factors found were the quantitative demands of work, stress, Burnout and work/family conflict, and the main protective factors, the possibilities of development and the meaning of the work. There were significant correlations obtained from psychosocial factors, gender of participants and performing other activities. Differences in the results provided by Clinical, Social and Health Psychologists were also highlighted in relation to the general population. Understanding work-worker relationships introduces the challenges of using psychosocial factors as protective mediators and possible guidelines for building healthy work environments for psychologists in Brazil.

La investigación tuvo como objetivo investigar factores psicosociales presentes en el trabajo de psicólogos brasileños, en el ámbito general y en las diferentes áreas de actividad, a través de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, transversal, con muestra probabilística, estratificada y proporcional. Se validaron y analizaron 1.659 protocolos del COPSOQ II (versión breve) y del Cuestionario Sociodemográfico Ocupacional. Los principales Factores de Riesgo encontrados fueron: requerimientos cuantitativos, estrés, Burnout y conflicto laboral/familiar; y los principales factores de protección: posibilidades de desarrollo y significado del trabajo. Hubo correlaciones significativas entre factores psicosociales, sexo de los participantes y el desempeño de otras actividades además de la Psicología. Se destacaron las diferencias en los resultados de Psicólogos Clínicos, Sociales y de la Salud en relación con la muestra general. Comprender las relaciones trabajo-trabajador presenta los desafíos de utilizar los factores psicosociales como mediadores de protección y posibles directrices para la construcción de entornos de trabajo saludables para los psicólogos en Brasil.

Nurses' harm prevention practices during admission of an older person to the hospital: A multi-method qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Nurses' harm prevention practices during the admission of older persons to hospital have important consequences for patient safety, preventable patient harm and length of hospital stay. Novel solutions are needed to assist nurses to balance complexity, high workload burden and patient safety during admission processes. AIM: Explore the nurses' experiences of harm prevention practices during the admission of an older person to the hospital. DESIGN: A multi-method qualitative study informed by frameworks of behaviour change and human-centred co-design. METHODS: The purposive sample included 44 nurses, 5 clinicians from other disciplines and 3 consumers recruited from five general medicine wards across three hospitals of a large public health service in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. Data were collected over 12 h of naturalistic observations of nurses during eight patient admissions, and during four participatory human-centred co-design workshops between August 2019 and January 2020. Observation, field notes and workshop artefact data were integrated for qualitative content and thematic analysis. RESULTS: Analysis revealed a 5-step journey map, with a temporal logic, that captured nurses' experiences, as well as the enablers and barriers to harm prevention practices when admitting an older person to the hospital. The consensus was reached on three priority features to assist nurses to implement harm prevention practices when they admit an older person to the hospital: (1) prioritize important care; (2) tailor care to the individual and (3) see the big picture for the patient. CONCLUSION: The novel research approach identified five steps in nurses' activities and harm prevention practices during admission of an older person to the hospital, and key features for a solution to assist nurses to keep patients safe. The findings provide the foundation for further research to develop interventions to assist nurses to manage high workloads during this complex activity.

Psychological distress in the workplace: The indirect contribution of work organization conditions to work performance.

BACKGROUND: Psychological distress affects between 5 and 27% of the general population [1]. Workers facing stressful work conditions are especially at high risk for experiencing psychological distress [1]. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between work organization conditions and work performance via psychological distress. While the individual contribution of work organization conditions to psychological distress and work performance has been examined in the scientific literature, their combined influence on work performance remains relatively unknown. METHODS: To adjust for design effects, we relied on cluster sampling (employees working in organizations). MPlus was used to conduct path analyses [2]. RESULTS: While psychological demands, number of hours worked, and job insecurity were positively associated with psychological distress, job recognition was negatively associated with it. In the same vein, irregular work schedules and job insecurity seem to be negatively associated with work performance. On the one hand, skill utilization, decision latitude, recognition, and job promotion, all seemed to be positively associated with employee's work performance. On the other hand, psychological demands, number of hours worked, and job insecurity were negatively and indirectly associated with work performance. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the indirect association between work variables and workers' psychological distress could promote their work performance. Understanding this association could help shed light on the difficulties employees with psychological distress face while meeting their job requirements. The results of this study should serve as a reminder to intervene on work organization conditions.

[Ressources, activité et dynamique d'équipe du travail infirmier de nuit]. / Ressources, activité et dynamique d'équipe du travail infirmier de nuit.

Night work takes on different aspects for nurses, from a regulatory, individual, physiological, collective and organizational point of view. It is important to be able to rely on the resources that make night work bearable by taking these different elements into account. Exploration of the personal, groupal and organizational variability observed in a university hospital and propositions to facilitate the management of night work while preserving the interest of the tasks and physiological rhythms.

Sickness absence from work in the footwear industry: A longitudinal study.

BACKGROUND: Studies on illness in the footwear industry have prioritized specific work sectors and diseases. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the main factors related to sickness absence and the indicators of illness in terms of recurrence and workdays lost among workers at a footwear company, ranging from storage of raw material to distribution of the final product. METHODS: A total of 9072 cases of absence from work were investigated in shoe production units from 2014 to 2017. Univariate models estimated the risk of bodily dysfunction (physiological and psychological) and the severity of recurrence and work days lost. RESULTS: (1) Most production units and work sectors were related to one or more affected bodily functions; (2) Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions and the work sectors of prefabrication; cutting, assembly and finishing; and quality inspection of the final product required a longer recovery time before return to work and had a greater recurrence of leave; and (3) Women seemed to be more affected than men in terms of the reappearance of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Illness differs according to occupational sectors. The production sectors present more serious situations due to physical overload, intense rhythm and concentration, monotony and low autonomy.